UPSC Civil Services 2017 Prelims General Studies Paper I

The phrase 'Directive Principles of State Policy' denotes the ideals that the State should keep in mind while formulating policies and enacting laws. These are the constitutional instructions or recommendations to the State in legislative, executive and administrative matters. Note dconstitutional author Granville Austin considers DPSP as "positive obligations" of the state.So, all of above points that answer "D" neither 1 nor 2 .