Solution:
Contact with distant lands
Archaeological findings suggest that copper was also brought from Oman , on the southeastern tip of the Arabian peninsula. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.
Chemical analyses have shown that both the Omani copper and Harappan artefacts have traces of nickel , suggesting a common origin.
A distinctive type of vessel , a large Harappan jar coated with a thick layer of black clay has been found at Omani sites . Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
Thick coatings prevent the percolation of liquids .
It is possible that the Harappans exchanged the contents of these vessels for Omani copper.
Mesopotamian texts datable to the third millennium BCE refer to copper coming from a region called Magan , perhaps a name for Oman, and interestingly enough copper found at Mesopotamian sites also contains traces of nickel.
Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
Other archaeological finds suggestive of long-distance contacts include Harappan seals, weights, dice, and beads.
Hence, Statement 4 is correct.
It is worth noting that Mesopotamian texts mention contact with regions named Dilmun (probably the island of Bahrain ), Magan , and Meluhha , possibly the Harappan region.
They mention the products from Meluhha:
carnelian, lapis lazuli, copper, gold, and varieties of wood.
A Mesopotamian myth says of Meluhha : “ May your bird be the Haja-bird , may its call be heard in the royal palace .”
Some archaeologists think the Haja-bird was the peacock.
Communication with Oman, Bahrain, or Mesopotamia was likely by sea .
Mesopotamian texts refer to Meluhha as a land of seafarers .
Besides, we find depictions of ships and boats on seals.
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